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Streptavidin-based amplification techniques are widely used in flow cytometry, fluorescent imaging, western blotting, and microplate-based detection for increased signal output and greater sensitivity. Fluorescent conjugates of streptavidin are used to detect biotinylated biomolecules such as primary and secondary antibodies, ligands and toxins, or DNA probes for in situ hybridization or bead-based detection. Enzyme conjugates of streptavidin, such as HRP and AP, are commonly used in western blotting, ELISA, and in situ hybridization imaging applications. Streptavidin-conjugated magnetic beads and resins can be used to isolate proteins, cells, and DNA, or they can be used in immunoassays or bio-panning.

Our family of biotin-binding proteins includes streptavidin, avidin, and NeutrAvidin® protein. Each protein binds four biotins per molecule with high affinity and selectivity.

• treptavidinis most commonly used—it is non-glycosylated and exhibits low levels of nonspecific binding.
• Avidinis a highly cationic glycoprotein with an isoelectric point of about 10.5—it can cause nonspecific background staining in some applications due to its positively charged residues and oligosaccharide components.
• NeutrAvidin®protein has been processed to remove the carbohydrate and lower its isoelectric point, resulting reduced nonspecific background staining.